Biochar as Soil Nutrient

Effective Biomass-use
Effective biomass refinery systems
Two types of pyrolysis for bagasse and sewage sludge. Additionally compost, bio-gas and gasification plants and, four type, five conversion systems The capacity of two pyrolysis plants were 30 kg/hr (rotary kiln, external heating for sludge as mentioned above) and 200 kg/hr (rotary kiln, inner heating for bagasse), respectively

BIOCHAR

Biomass Pyrolysis Technologies and their use:

Chars from sewage and cattle manure contain phosphorous and potassium respectively as citric type which are easily absorbed by crop. And it is possible to reduce the application amount of chemical fertilizer

It attributes lower maintenance cost and environmental friendly. High absorbent function-char from sewage sludge has an excellent absorption function of any types of gas. And it was clarified that Biochar from sewage sludge with activation can absorb more amount of odor gas from composting.

Application of Biochar from bagasse enables to increase sugarcane production

Reduce nitrate nitrogen concentration which is a dominant ground water contamination cause. In addition, we tried to make optimal biomass refinery systems at the island including pyrolysis.

The SO x NO x and CO 2 emissions decreased as the capacities of the carbonization devices increased

Cap kg/h

Kg Avg CO2

Waste /t s.d.

Kg - Average NOx

Waste /t s.d.

Kg - Avg SOx

Waste /t s.d..

15-20

1044

314

1.239

0.504

0.533

0.177

30-60

865

345

1.087

0.579

0.463

0.17

90-300

413

191

0.416

0.199

0.21

0.093

800-1200

111

61

0.102

0.059

0.065

0.031

Bio-char Use : Bio-char Assessment

Environmental burdens of various processes of pyrolysis plant .For the biomass with higher water contents, environmental burdens from the drying process were larger than those from the carbonizing process.

Environmental burdens originated from different carbonization large differences in environmental burdens existed between different devices. The CO2, NOx, and SOx emissions decreased as the capacities of carbonization devices

The Comparison in sugarcane growth
Stalk (L) Cms	Stalk (D) Cms	Stalk (W) Gms	Brix	Stalk Crop (Kg -a-3)	Beet Produces (Kg - a-1)
2.05	2.35	618	16.9	944.4	51.1
2.18	2.55	802	17.9	1000	91.1
2.33	2.43	693	14.8	1133.3	48.7

Bio-char (charcoal from biomass)

Bio-char from sewage sludge, bagasse (sugarcane squeezed residue), cattle waste and rice husk.

Lightweight

Black-color

Porous.

High EC (electric conductivities), etc.

These characteristics differ depending on the source of materials and pyrolytic conditions such as temperature

Farmland application of bio-char enables improvement of soil physical and engineering properties

Water holding capacity.

Hydraulic conductivity.

Hardness and density.

Bio-char improves the physical conditions around the crop-root zone and enhances crop production

5% charcoal application per weight doubles the hydraulic conductivity of loamy soil. This effect is dependent on soil type and can last at least several years. And bio-char from sludge such as sewage and cattle waste contain phosphorous (P ) and potassium (K) with citric type that are essential nutrients for crops. Therefore, bio-char from sludge can replace chemical fertilizer. However, nitrogen in bio-char a major nutrient for crops is not easy to be used by crops

Bio-char Production

30 kg/hr input weight) with internal heating and a rotary type kiln in collaboration with CARE MUMBAI

The plant can facilitate reuse of syn-gas, so charcoal can be made with lower costs, energy and environmental burdens.

Activation was assessed by the absorption function of the produced charcoal. The activated bio-char made from sewage sludge with phosphate ions attached to the surface can absorb any type of gas, including ammonium, methyl mercaputhane and formaldehyde, comparing with commercial activated carbon .

email : care@care-india.com